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[171][173] In December 2010, the IAF was examining the adoption of a new missile system as a cheaper and lightweight complement to the Hellfire missile, either the American Hydra 70 or the Canadian CRV7. Haynes, Mary L. and Cheryl Morai Young, ed. [9], Proposals were submitted by Bell, Boeing Vertol/Grumman team, Hughes, Lockheed, and Sikorsky. AgustaWestland has produced number of components for the Apache, both for the international market and for the British Army's AgustaWestland Apache. A British Army Apache AH Mk1 helicopter armed with Boeing M230 30mm chain gun, Hellfire air-to-surface missiles and 38 CRV-7 80mm rockets. It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.It is armed with a 30 mm (1.18 in) M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage. [26], Portions of the Apache are produced by other aerospace firms. Deliveries were concluded with the handover of the final AH Mk1 helicopter to the British Army in July 2004. left justified vs left aligned; stoney nakoda language; evans general contractors savannah; benjamin franklin high school baltimore; san antonio christian school covid; riverdale neighborhood portland, oregon
Boeing AH-64 Apache vs AgustaWestland T129 - ArmedForces [67][68] In October 2015, the U.S. Army ordered its first batch of Advanced Precision Kill Weapon System (APKWS) guided 70mm rockets for the Apache. The Apache AH Mk1 retains the same airframe design of the standard AH-64D Apache, but with modifications to engines and mission systems. The Boeing Co., Mesa, Arizona, was awarded a $487,000,000 cost-plus-fixed-fee contract for Apache AH-64 engineering services and technical support.
All news [74] The AH-64E initially lacked the ability to use the Stinger to make room for self-defense equipment, but the capability was added back following a South Korean demand. US Army TM 1-1520-251-10 Operator's Manual for Helicopter, Attack, AH-64D Longbow Apache, dated 29 March 2002 pp. [11] Weapons and sensor systems were integrated and tested during this time, including the laser-guided AGM-114 Hellfire missile. [102] Apache operations over Libya have been heavily influenced and supported by NATO reconnaissance flights and intelligence missions; information is continually relayed to update target information, assess the threat of Surface to Air missiles (SAM), and the presence of civilians, enabling real time changes to mission profiles. [231] These Apaches were delivered with the same avionics as the U.S. fleet at that time, except for indigenous radio equipment. Copyright 2019 ArmedForces.eu. The British-built AgustaWestland Apache (assembled from kits purchased from Boeing) is based on the AH-64D Block I with several systems, including more powerful engines, folding rotor blades, and other modifications for operation from Royal Navy vessels. An attack helicopter is a military helicopter with the primary role of an attack aircraft, with the capability of engaging targets on the ground, such as enemy infantry and armored vehicles.Due to their heavy armament they are sometimes called helicopter gunships. [130], On 21 February 2013, the 1st Battalion (Attack), 229th Aviation Regiment at Joint Base LewisMcChord became the first U.S. Army unit to field the AH-64E Apache Guardian; a total of 24 AH-64E were received by mid-2013. [32] In April 2006, Boeing was awarded a $67.6 million fixed-price contract for the remanufacture of several existing U.S. AH-64As to the AH-64D configuration. From $33.17. The helicopter was introduced to U.S. Army service in April 1986. [132] In March 2014, the 1st229th Attack Reconnaissance Battalion deployed 24 AH-64Es to Afghanistan in the type's first combat deployment. [231][256], Singapore purchased 20 AH-64Ds in two batches between 1999 and 2001.
AH-64 APACHE Vs TAI/AGUSTAWESTLAND T129 ATAK Comparison [11][12], The AH-64A then entered phase 2 of the AAH program under which three pre-production AH-64s would be built, additionally, the two YAH-64A flight prototypes and the ground test unit were upgraded to the same standard. ", "Al-Qaida threatens to abduct Prince Harry, if he flies Apache helicopter", "Prince Harry Reaches Rank of Army Captain", "Exercise Clockwork: Army Apaches Make Arctic Debut", "Parliamentary questions to The Secretary of State for Defence (Des Browne)", "Precise and deadly: A pilot's view of the Apache", "Keeping the Apache ready to take on the Taliban", "Apaches and Land Rovers versus a guy with a detonator", "Apache earns its stripes above the Afghan battlefield", "Marines attempt daring Apache rescue during Afghanistan Operation", "British troops and ANA in Apache-backed operation", "UK Apache fires Hellfire missiles to kill Taliban fighters", "UK Apache crashes in Afghanistan, crew safe", "British Apaches Prevent Disruptions of Afghan Elections", "Afghan children injured by UK Apache helicopter attack", "British Apache helicopter injures children in Afghanistan", Apache flies 50,000 hours on operations in Afghanistan, "Britain ends combat role in Afghanistan, last U.S. Marines hand over base", "UK Apaches score 100% in maritime Hellfire tests", "UK Apaches Deployed in Libya in 24 Hours", "Apaches get ready to help protect Libyan civilians", "Britain to send Apache helicopters to Yemen", "UK Apache helicopters used in Nato attacks", "Apache strike steps up battle against Gaddafi", "Libya: precision and restraint as Apaches hit their target", "Gaddafi hammers Misrata frontline after UK Apache helicopters strike", "Is Nato's Mission in Libya Losing Momentum? It participated in over 240 combat hours, attacking various targets, mostly at night. It is a derivative of the AH-64D Apache helicopter, which is used by the US Army. [41] Both crew members are capable of flying the aircraft and performing methods of weapon engagements independently. [38][39] In May 2008, several senior officers, such as General David Ramsbotham spoke out against British plans to keep the weapon.
Agustawestland Clothing for Sale | Redbubble The helicopter is also equipped with crash-worthy seats and a wire strike protection system for improved crew protection. [31] Another change is the folding blade mechanism to stow the helicopters in confined spaces;[32] the rotor blades also have anti-ice protection to allow operations in Arctic environments. [328] Lots 5 and 6 will have Link 16 data-links. The helicopter has a crew of two, and both can fly or . [144][145], The Israeli Air Force (IAF) first received AH-64As in 1990,[146] for a fleet of 42 by 2000. Hughes Helicopters was purchased by McDonnell Douglas for $470 million in 1984 (equivalent to $1,226,000,000 in 2021). country of origin: United States of America. It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems. [335][336] Multiple concepts were studied with altered landing gear arrangements, improved avionics and weapons. [36] There used to be a third type of warhead: the Multi-Purpose Sub Munition (MPSM), which was a controversial weapon as it has been classified as a cluster bomb;[37] each rocket contained nine M73 submunitions. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. [317][318], Formerly known as AH-64D Block III, in 2012, it was redesignated as AH-64E Guardian. [334], During the 1980s naval versions of the AH-64A for the United States Marine Corps and Navy were examined. [80][81], From 2006 to April 2014, British Apache helicopters flew 50,000 hours in Afghanistan, representing one-third of all UK Apache flying. Leonardo Helicopters in the UK is to maintain the current fleet of Apaches until 20232024, with a long-term plan for Leonardo and other UK companies to "do most of the work" on the new fleet. One is the AH-64D "Longbow", equipped with a glass cockpit and advanced sensors, the most noticeable of which being the AN/APG-78 Longbow millimetre-wave fire-control radar (FCR) target acquisition system and the Radar Frequency Interferometer (RFI), housed in a dome located above the main rotor.
[93] On 13 June, British Apaches destroyed several inflatable boats with 30mm cannon fire, believed to be Libyan Special Forces, before engaging and destroying multiple vehicles along the coastline, including an anti-aircraft system. [25] On 17 March 1997, the first production AH-64D flew. [27] Since 2004, Korea Aerospace Industries has been the sole manufacturer of the Apache's fuselage. It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems. An Apache AH Mk1 helicopter launches chaff and flare countermeasures. The Hellfires, 30mm gun and unguided rocket pods are shown today in CAD form to the modellers. how to adjust belts on round baler; escanaba in da moonlight drink recipe; automarca conegliano auto usate. It was delivered on 31 March. Now we have taken the decision to buy the Apache, the Army must ensure that doctrine is developed to allow us to make the fullest possible use of its tremendous capability. It has also become the primary attack helicopter of multiple nations, including Egypt, Greece, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Kuwait, Netherlands, Morocco, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates and United Kingdom. This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 10:13. The major design changes include the integration of new foldable rotor blades, weapon systems, countermeasures, sensors and avionics equipment.
Boeing AH-64 Apache - Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core The Apache is capable of carrying up to 1,200 rounds for the gun. [20] Various options were considered for maintaining the capability: In August 2015, the UK requested the upgrade of 50 of its Apaches to AH-64E standard through a US Foreign Military Sale. In 1993, invitations to bid were issued. [270][271] On 5 November 2013, Taiwan received the first six AH-64s. Kamov Ka-52. Owner of this site is not responsible for potential mistakes or lacks of data. [34] The HIDAS system was retrofitted onto the aircraft in mid-2004 just prior to entering service, along with several redesigned composite bodywork components. [164] During this war, two AH-64As collided, killing one pilot and critically wounding three. [188] They will utilize the General Electric T700 engine rather than the Turbomeca RTM322 of the WAH-64; the first off-the-shelf purchase of a GE engine by the Ministry of Defence. The Longbow FCR allows the crew to find, track and engage aerial and ground-based targets in all weather conditions. This category has become too crowded. Probably the ultimate "hero" shot of the Apache we think Longbow is readily identifiable by the mast-mounted antenna for its radar. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. [100], The AH-64 played roles in the Balkans during separate conflicts in Bosnia and Kosovo in the 1990s. [223] Saudi Arabia denied involvement, though it and the United Arab Emirates are the only militaries using Apaches during the conflict. The British-built AgustaWestland Apache (assembled from kits purchased from Boeing) is based on the AH-64D Block I with several systems, including more powerful engines, folding rotor blades, and other modifications for operation from Royal Navy vessels. The Apache AH Mk1 is an attack helicopter produced by AgustaWestland under license from Boeing, for the British Army. Military Leak brings together all of the open-source intelligence, across defense technology, international news, equipments, contracts, procurements, and manufacturers. The HIDAS includes radar warning receiver, laser warning receiver, missile warning system and chaff and flare dispenser. The helicopter was initially designated WAH-64 by Westland Helicopters and was later given the designation Apache AH Mk 1 (also written as "Apache AH1") by the Ministry of Defence. The Apache AH1 is to reach its out of service date in 2024 and be remanufactured to the later AH-64E version. [222] On 17 March 2017, an Apache reportedly attacked a Somali refugee boat, killing 42 refugees. On 13 January 2007, a 200-strong British force, led by Royal Marines, launched an operation to attack Jugroom Fort, a major Taliban base in southern Helmand Province. RM F646MJ - AgustaWestland Apache is a licence-built version of the AH-64D Apache Longbow attack helicopter for the British Army. User ainnadesoza uploaded this Helicopter - Helicopter Boeing AH-64 Apache AgustaWestland Apache Boeing CH-47 Chinook Military PNG PNG image on April 1, 2017, 1:56 pm. [295][296] A fleet of 29 AH-64Es will be acquired with a planned initial operational capability of 12 helicopters in 2026 and full operational capability in 2028. AH-64Es also worked with medium and large unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to find targets and maintain positive ID, conducting 60 percent of the unit's direct-fire engagements in conjunction with UAVs; Guardian pilots often controlled UAVs and accessed their video feeds to use their greater altitudes and endurance to see the battlespace from standoff ranges. For more information click here or contact us: EMEA: +44 20 7936 6783; Americas: +1 415 439 4914; Asia Pacific: +61 2 9947 9709 or via email. In 1982, the Army approved the program, now known as AH-64A Apache, for production. The Apache needed this speed in order to achieve its objective- the Russians were making helicopters that were faster than anything the Americans and British had. In order to keep up with the ever-changing nature of war, Boeing has produced a number of different variants of the Apache. [134] The unit's deployment ended in November 2014, with the AH-64E accumulating 11,000 flight hours, each helicopter averaging 66 hours per month.
Boeing AH-64 Apache - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre [189] The first two AH-64Es were delivered to the British Army on 26 November 2020. [45], AgustaWestland have since made several upgrades to Britain's Apache fleet. The GFAS consists of two sensor pods working with the AH-64's other sensors, and a thermographic camera that precisely locates muzzle flashes. In 1986, the four 22-foot-long main rotor blades, each made from steel and composite material glued together to maximize strength and minimize weight by the Composite Structures Division of Alcoa Composites, were added to the list.
Blow to AgustaWestland as MoD set to buy 50 choppers from Boeing The Modelling News: Finally, a full reveal - Takom's Apaches are coming [244][245] In December 2010, India requested the sale of 22 Apaches and associated equipment. [151][152] In IAF service, the AH-64A was named Peten (Hebrew: , for Cobra[N 1]), while the AH-64D was named Saraph[146] (Hebrew: , for venomous/fiery winged serpent). Confirmed just now, the second kit is going to be the "E" model of the Apache Guardian, with the more powerful General Electric T700-GE-701D engines and new sensors. [286][287] However, the proposal was not accepted by the Iraqi government and expired in August 2014. [121][122], By the end of U.S. military operations in Iraq in December 2011, several Apaches had been shot down by enemy fire and lost in accidents.
Boeing: Historical Snapshot: AH-64 Apache Attack Helicopter Category:AH-64 Apache - Wikimedia Commons It was approved for full-scale production in 1982. In addition to the new CAD drawing of the whole kits, the 3D printed parts from Snowman design and thin, photo-etched parts add so much to the look and scale feel of the models that demand this level of accuracy and authenticity when you look at the rest of the CAD designs. The first eight helicopters were built by Boeing; the remaining 59 were assembled by Westland Helicopters (now part of Leonardo) at Yeovil, Somerset in England from Boeing-supplied kits. The Army wanted an aircraft better than the AH-1 Cobra in firepower, performance and range. [279] On 21 September 2012, the U.S. Congress was notified of the possible purchase of 36 AH-64E, along with associated equipment and armament. Some information is indicative and estimated because of lack of official or up-to-date data. [96] On 1 July, British Apaches were reportedly involved in a 'fierce' battle at the town of Khoms. The manufacture companies were the Hughes Helicopters, McDonnell Douglas and Boeing. Aircraft Contract Jobs, Family Audio Memories, Infinite Blue Energy Asx Code, Witherfall Discography, Can't Lose Weight On 1200 Calories, Agustawestland Apache Vs Boeing Apache, " /> , Family Audio Memories, Infinite Blue Energy Asx Code, Witherfall Discography, Can't Lose Weight On 1200 Calories, Agustawestland Apache Vs Boeing Apache, " /> All rights reserved. The four multipurpose wing stations can be fitted with eight Hellfire air-to-surface missiles and 38 CRV-7 80mm rockets. [230], In 1995, the Egyptian Air Force placed an order for 36 AH-64As. [118] By 2011, the U.S. Army Apache fleet had accumulated more than 3 million flight hours since the first prototype flew in 1975. The Apache is a twin-engine, four-blade tandem-seat attack helicopter equipped with an M230 30-mm cannon, Hydra-70 2.75-inch rockets, and HELLFIRE missiles (both laser-guided and radio frequency).
[304] On 8 September 2022, Polish Minister of Defence Mariusz Baszczak announced that the AH-64E has won and set out to procure 96 helicopters to form six squadrons. [109] An effective network of Yugoslav air defenses stopped Apaches from being deployed on combat missions in Kosovo.
agustawestland apache vs boeing apache [13] Development of the Hellfire missile had begun in 1974, originally known by the name of Helicopter Launched, Fire and Forget Missile ('Hellfire' being a shortened acronym),[14] for the purpose of arming helicopter platforms with an effective anti-tank missile. [218][219] In January 2010 the rebels claimed to have shot down an Apache; this was denied by the Saudi military. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. Following the collapse and break-up of the Soviet Union, the concepts of flexibility and rapid response took precedence. The Hellfire is an air-to-ground missile (AGM) first developed for anti-armor use, but can be used also for precision drone strikes against other target types, especially high-value targets. [citation needed] The Apache is currently operated by two regiments of the Army Air Corps (3 Regt AAC and 4 Regt AAC) as part of 1st Aviation Brigade (United Kingdom). [213] In August 2006, Saudi Arabia began negotiations for Apache upgrades worth up to $400M, possibly remanufacturing their AH-64As to the AH-64D configuration.
Boeing AH-64 Apache - Wikipdia, a enciclopdia livre [108] Although no Apache combat missions took place, two were lost in training exercises. [78] On 26 June 2017, the Army and Raytheon announced they had successfully completed the first-ever helicopter-based flight demonstration of a high energy laser system from an AH-64.
Helicopter Boeing AH-64 Apache AgustaWestland Apache Boeing CH-47 [35], The AH-64 Apache has a four-blade main rotor and a four-blade tail rotor. agustawestland apache vs boeing apache June 15, 2022 in aoc network beliefs Blog by [55] In June 2011, civilian maintainers of the Apache at Wattisham Airfield threatened industrial action over a pay dispute. [91] During Operation Desert Storm on 17 January 1991, eight AH-64As guided by four MH-53 Pave Low IIIs destroyed part of Iraq's radar network in the operation's first attack,[92] allowing the attack aircraft to evade detection.
Boeing AH-64 Apache - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas [136] As of April 2020, 500 AH-64Es have been delivered. "Asymmetric Warfare: Threat and Response in the Twenty-First Century". O Boeing AH-64 Apache un helicptero de ataque estadounidense con dous motores turboeixo, un tren de aterraxe convencional e unha cabina en tndem para dous tripulantes. To date, more than 500 AH-64E model Apaches have been delivered worldwide.
Apache AH Mk1 Attack Helicopter - Army Technology [341], Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 20002001,[53] Jane's All the World's Aircraft 20102011,[72] Apache AH-64 Boeing (McDonnell Douglas) 19762005[351], Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era, This article is about the American attack helicopter. The AH Mk1 helicopter was also operated from the HMS Ocean helicopter carrier and Invincible Class aircraft carrier, HMS Ark Royal. Bound for Bosnia By Train, Truck, Air", "Two Peacekeeping Helicopters Fired on in Kabul", "Dutch Apache Accident Leaves 50,000 Homes Without Power", "Netherlands ships first Apaches to US for modernisation", "Apache Copters All Set if Iraqis Make a Move", "Desert Air, Sands Alive With Modern Warriors", "Bush Endorses Sale of Arms to SaudisMcDonnell Douglas Could Benefit from Pact", "U.S. Plans $1.8 Billion Saudi Military Sale", "U.S. and Israel Working Out Deal To Offset Warplane Sale to Saudis", "The 2006 Saudi Shopping Spree: $400M to Upgrade AH-64A Apache Helicopters", "US OKs sale of Boeing helicopters to Saudi Arabia", "Saudi Arabia AH-64D Apache, UH-60M Blackhawk, AH-6i Light Attack, and MD-530F Light Turbine Helicopters", "Saudi troops combing Yemen border; security stepped up", "Saudi Apache gunships prevent incursion by "infiltrators", "Saudi Military Operations along the Yemen Border Repel Houthist Incursion", "Yemen rebels announce pullout from Saudi land", "Houthi Rebels Claim To Have Shot Down Saudi Apache Gunship And Wing Loong UAV in Yemen", "Apache Helicopter Guns Down Boat Full of Somali Refugees Fleeing Yemen", "Yemen migrant boat attack kills at least 42", "UAE's 30-Helicopter Apache Upgrade Program Underway", "United Arab Emirates Apache AH-64E Helicopters and Services", "UAE to replace lost Apache | Jane's 360", "Egypt to Upgrade 35 Apaches to AH-64D Configuration. Barnsley: King, Anthony.
Boeing: AH-64 Apache T-shirts, hoodies, tops, dresses, skirts, hats, and more in a huge range of styles, colors, and sizes (XS - plus size). British and Dutch Apaches have seen deployments in wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. agustawestland apache vs boeing apachewhy do flowers have male and female parts. The attack helicopters have recorded more than 4 million flight hours. "The Transformation of Europe's Armed Forces: From the Rhine to Afghanistan". [86][87] The Apaches were also to assist in Operation Unified Protector, the enforcement of an embargo and no-fly zone upon Libya. AH-64D (): $18 (2007). [citation needed], In 1981, three pre-production AH-64As were handed over to the U.S. Army for Operational Test II. [299] However, due to the Apache's high costs, the BAF choose the competing Russian Mi-28NE Night Hunter. Both pilots died. [63] Unlike their American counterparts in Afghanistan, the Apache AH1 is deployed with its Longbow Fire Control Radar to enable the pilot to better manage traffic in their airspace. [148] In 2000, Israel was interested in acquiring up to 48 AH-64Ds, but U.S. reluctance to share the source code complicated the prospect. [45], The crew compartment and rotor blades are designed to sustain a hit from 23mm (0.91in) rounds. [67] Major Huw Williams, second in command of 3rd Battalion, The Parachute Regiment, stated that: "We're really impressed [with the Apache]. It has also become the primary attack helicopter of multiple nations, including Greece, Japan, Israel, the Netherlands, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates. [254][252] In February 2020, another six for the Indian Army were ordered, including weapons, equipment, and training; deliveries are planned to begin in 2023. RM JKJCE0 - British Army Air Corps AgustaWestland Apache AH.1 Attack Helicopter. The Boeing AH-64 Apache (/pti/) is an American twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a crew of two. 2~3 All information comes from wikipedia.org, cia.gov, icanw.org, government websites and press releases. Last edited on 27 February 2023, at 20:07, Target Acquisition and Designation System, Target Acquisition and Designation System, Pilot Night Vision System, List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Iraq War, List of aviation accidents and incidents in the war in Afghanistan, 1st Battalion (Attack), 229th Aviation Regiment, fired two Hellfire missiles at an ambulance in Lebanon, List of aviation shootdowns and accidents during the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen, Joint Tactical Information Distribution System, Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center, United States Army Aviation and Missile Command, List of active United States military aircraft, "Boeing Marks 25th Anniversary of Apache First Flight Sept. 30", "Department of the Army Historical Summary, FY 1987, Chapter 5: Modernizing and Equipping the Army", "US Army takes delivery of 500th Boeing AH-64E Apache Helicopter", "Army Decides To Scrap Cheyenne Helicopter Gunship", "DoD Approves Production of Longbow Apache Attack Helicopter", "Army Inks $1.9 Billion AH-64D Apache Deal", "KAI Signs Cooperation Agreement With Boeing, To Produce Apache Fuselages", "F-15/Apache Fuselage Monopolization Program", "Boeing celebrates milestone: 100th AH-64D Apache fuselage delivery", "Arbitrator will rule on AH-64 fuselage production dispute", "Boeing Remanufactures AH-64A Apaches to AH-64D Block II", "Greece urged to commit to Apache upgrade, as air force eyes new utility model", "Boeing suggests propulsor, winged AH-64 Apache variant for US Army", "T700-GE-701D Engine Awarded U.S. Army Qualification", "Boeing AH-64 Apache windshields, windows, canopy and blast barrier", "Boeing AH-64D Longbow Apache Attack Helicopter", The Impact of the U.S. Army's AH-64 Helmet Mounted Display on Future Aviation Helmet Design, "Emergence of Solid State Helmet-Mounted Displays in Military Applications", "Boeing To Develop Electric Gun Turret for the AH-64D", "How Apache Helicopters Work: Apache Sensors", "Lockheed tech lets U.S. Apache helicopter pilots aim in color", "Lockheed secures first order for Apache day sensor kits", "US approves full new warhead production", "BAE secures US Army Apache as APKWS laser-guided rocket customer", Raytheon Sells Stingers for Apaches Abroad, Weapon, sensor upgrades coming for Apache fleet, "Apache-UAV teaming combines 'best capabilities of man, machine'", Boeing, Lockheed unveil competing UAV-killing concepts, "Raytheon, US Army complete first ever helicopter-based firing of High Energy Laser", "MBDA fires Brimstone missile from Apache helicopter", "US Army to field Israeli-made long-range missile on helicopters", "Case Study of the Development of the Apache Attack Helicopter (AH-64)", "OPERATION DESERT STORM: Apache Helicopter Was Considered Effective in Combat, but Reliability Problems Persist", "High Tech Weapons in Desert Storm: Hype or Reality?