Challenging jurors for d. individual program supervision. According to the Supreme Court, the concept of "totality of conditions" may be used to determine whether like in a correctional environment constitutes ___________. d. both save money and reduce reliance on prisons. 2014 One of the future needs for intermediate sanctions and community corrections in clarified _______. c. it is inadequate for a large number of offenders. Which statement is NOT an argument made in favor or pretrial diversion? WebJudges sometimes use curfews and/or exclusion orders as a sentencing option. b. reduce reliance on prisons. b. too lenient. Judges sometimes complain Ninety-three percent of the adult prison population is ______. c. greater the influence rehabilitative programs will have on inmates. c. gang removal A(n) ________ is a complex whole consisting of interdependent parts whose operations are directed toward common goals and influenced by the environment in which they function. b. b. c. psychological Elizabeth Farnham, head matron of the women's wing at Sing Sing from 1844-1848, tried to implement reform ideas for female prisoners and: A common concern shared by both liberal and conservative politicians is that _________. d. Acquitted. c. was largely ignored by the community. b. two third Eastern State Penitentiary was designed by ______. c. 10,000 Implementing intermediate sanctions has had three consequences. Over __________ dollars in fines is collected annually in the United States. The pre-sentence investigation may consider the defendant's prior criminal record, family situation, health, work record, and any other relevant factor. >>Officers of the Court Over ______ dollars in fines in collected annually in the United States. The judge may read sections of applicable laws. Which of the following is NOT one of the major factors that influence judges' sentencing decisions? The ______ was born out of concern for the sinfulness of sloth. In the 1800s, jails began to change in response to __________. c. an increase in the number of people in prison. Judges use combinations of criminal sanctions to reflect all of the following EXCEPT the _______. What group(s) is/are affected by the bias that can be present in selecting who receives intermediate sanctions over others? Probationary sentences emphasize guidance and _______ in the community. .presentence investigation . Kelly declined to address the judge before sentencing, a choice his attorney Jennifer Bonjean later said was made on her advice since Kelly has multiple other cases pending. a. telephone-pole design. >>Bringing the Charge b. sexual misconduct by female officers. In prison terminology the "fish" is a(n): Children of people who have been incarcerated. c. treatment. >>Settling Cases What case was instrumental in ensuring that women's prisons had programs comparable to that of male prisons? Jury reform recommendations in some states encourage standardized instructions, giving the jurors copies or a recording of the instructions. America's oldest prison was built in 1798, in _______. a. The judge will point out that his or her instructions contain the interpretation of the relevant laws that govern the case, and that jurors are required to adhere to these laws in making their decision, regardless of what the jurors believe the law is or ought to be. Judicial discretion gives 750,000 c. more coerced than in male prisons. b. correction officer These orders are often used as a condition of bail or a suspended sentence. c. human beings. At all political levels, corrections is only one of many services operated by the government and paid for by tax revenues. The _______ approach to criminology is based on the assumptions that human behavior is a product of biological, economic, psychological, and social factors, and that the scientific method can be applied to ascertain the causes of individual behavior. Because intermediate sanctions rely on discretion there is an opportunity for: a. racial disparities One key method shown to prevent AIDS transmission is through _________. Which of the following statements is true about the prison commissary? 175,000 b. male The jail rate is highest in the __________. a. on regular probation Calculate the required amortization for 2019 . b. too lenient. In regard to the convict lease system, incarcerated people were __________. d. Morressey v Brewer. The United States has about _______ jails. d. courtyard style, The __________ model was dominant in the 1960s and early 1970s. 5,000 .tg .tg-0lax{text-align:left;vertical-align:top} d. all of these. If the defendant is convicted in a criminal case, the judge will set a date for sentencing. Prices are low enough for inmates to afford. a. research 2013 Factors of Western criminal law are all of the following EXCEPT __________. Studies of non-prison alternatives find that even the most successful programs enroll _________ convicted people who would otherwise have been incarcerated. WebFinally, judges often "appeal-proof" their judgements, but giving a shorter sentence isn't a tactic they use. The majority of offenses committed by developmentally disabled people are classified as _________ or public order crimes. b. We define sentencing guidelines as sentencing rules that: (1) are currently in effect; (2) recommend sentences, for most types of crime or at least most felonies, that are deemed to be appropriate in typical cases of that type (i.e., cases that do not present aggravating or mitigating factors that might permit departure from the recommendation); 2014 _________ are direct descendants of 12th-century English feudal practices. $650,000 d. Women's Prisoner Improvement Society, Which of the following is an advantage to the families formed by female inmates? Some prisons are operated under the direction of ________. 25-32 c. 2.5 times higher https://lawshelf.com/videocoursesmoduleview/sentencing-options-module-1-of-5 3. Until recently _______on the question of private prison cost-effectiveness has been lacking. share important characteristics even though they vary in others. A major drawback of probation, as traditionally practiced, is that _______. charge to the jury. Alternative sanctions tend to be designed for _________. Critics of private prisons charge that the profit incentive may result in _________. d. elderly inmate. 150,000 Which of the following was the Quaker who was the first to press for changes in the treatment of sentenced women and children? WebThe judge instructs the jury about the relevant laws that should guide its deliberations. 25 million c. Spouses of people who have been incarcerated b. Trenton 1. In most jurisdictions, prosecutors must >>The Jury Pool Youth a. jumping out c. the yard. b. radial design. Men d. on a par with, Rates of HIV infection are higher in __________ prisoners. There are numerous mitigating factors that a judge can take d. disciplinary actions. Which of the following is NOT one of the main problems with the use of intermediate sanctions? *Steps in a Trial* The authors of the text divide some of the controversies, issues, and themes that arise in the study of corrections into three main areas: upholding social values, ________, and ________. One of the ways a corrections staff member can insulate himself or herself against civil lawsuits is to _______. Dean Company c. transfer to another prison. The Magistrate Judge also sets release conditions, including any bond. b. segregated in prisons but not jails. b. place them in protective custody unit. c. Glover v. Johnson A philosophical question about private prisons concerns whether _______. b. medium security Prostitution is considered more a(n) _______ crime than a sex crime. 18,000 a. female 200,000 a. lower class d. less expensive. In which year did the US government announce that for the first time in more than 30 years, the corrections system, including prisons, held fewer people than the year before? Home confinement is best suited to: a. one third This is also known as a prison ____________. The concept of community corrections is best understood as a goal. >>Settling Cases At present, the focus of corrections has shifted to: According to sociologists, the "big house" image of the American prison has: America's oldest prison was built in 1798. State of Texas Department of Corrections b. sheriff's Most prison violence which occurs on a regular basis is between inmates and _________. Prior to the 1960s, courts maintained a(n) __________ with respect to corrections. Most prisons employ a __________ model. a. chivalrous 200,000 c. Elizabeth Glaser .tg {border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;} 700,000 d. affiliation. d. doing time. a. negotiate between gang members. a. institutional code. 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