They believe that we should protect the danger and put sharks before humans. More than 84,000 marine animals have been ensnared by drum-lines and shark nets since the program began in 1962 [] Nearly 27,000 marine mammals have been snared. Also during this period, a total of 15,135 marine animals were killed in the nets, including whales, turtles, rays, dolphins, and dugongs. They use baited hooks to lure and trap the animals, not unlike fishing lines. The tags are attached to a small arrow-head and a short tether and are usually attached to sharks using a tag pole as they swim past a vessel. Natalie Banks, testified the statement saying that the use of shark hooks has never proven to work. Physical barriers in dangerous or crowded spots. There has been strong opposition to the policy, including from one man who vandalised Premier Colin Barnetts office. Pollution Types, Shark Nets trap other small creatures as turtles (via Unsplash), The ocean plays an integral role in sustaining our environment and climate, so do sharks and every other creature that lives below the surface. Without culling, all or most of them would have died of starvation. CONS: Contractor required to check drumlines and relocate the sharks, contractor needs to reach the caught shark in a timely manner, other marine life may be caught. Anthrax, for example, is spread by domestic and wild animals. Marketed as 'eco friendly' having become artificial habitats for marine life. "[43], In a 30-year period, more than 33,000 sharks have been killed in KwaZulu-Natal's shark-killing program. [80] The NSW prawn trawling industry alone results in 64 tonnes of shark as bycatch each year,[64] with two thirds dying. The state government decided to spray pesticides targeting those mosquitoes that bite humans at night. You will find affiliate links which means we may earn a commission if you purchase through these links. Environmentalists have proposed the banning of shark culling and the use of drum lines because they are threats to endangered species. Between October 2007 and December 2011, about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines died. Although surfers have called for more drastic actions, like culling in coastal areas, which is an understandable response to such a monstrous predator, theres no evidence that the falling numbers will reduce the likelihood of shark attacks. This should serve as a warning to those culling elephants. As a result, hundreds of professional deer hunters have been employed to help eliminate those with undesirable antlers. [17][11] The current net program in New South Wales has been described as being "extremely destructive" to marine life, including sharks. The traps with a baited hook that are used to attract and snare sharks instead trap them on the ocean floor, leaving them unable to swim. Intentionally reducing the number of sharks have more negative effects on the ocean than we can comprehend. CONS: Associate Professor Adam Stow, of Macquarie University told the ABC that: "Killing sharks risks disruption to the ecology of the ocean". Sharks regulate the behaviour of prey species, and prevent them from over-grazing vital habitats. Shark culling is ineffective and the shark responsible for the attacks is not always among the ones killed. [18] Between 1950 and 2008, 352 tiger sharks and 577 great white sharks were killed in the nets in New South Wales. The shark population has, d significantly in the number over the past few decades in Australia. . Sharks captured using SMART drumlines are tagged and released into the wild where they can be studies further. also dubbed as the Shark Mitigation Strategy, is the deliberate killing of sharks by government authorities in response to shark attacks, often backed by public safety concerns (an effort to reduce shark attacks on public beaches). A survey of more than 1,800 people found significant similarities in how different groups of . [80] Australia's commercial shark fishing industry catches over 1200 tonnes of shark each year,[64] 130 of which being great white sharks. In New Zealand, for example, after WWI, the emus had multiplied so fast that they were a danger to farmers. Fact Check: Are smart drum lines just a PR exercise? You can be a voice for sharks and other marine life by signing the petition to end 84 years of shark culling, remove the nets and drum lines and opt for more non-lethal alternatives to shark mitigation. Some animals pose a serious threat to or interfere with human activities such as farming, recreation, and even human settlement. (to destroy our oceans), stunned the world. You would have to kill a lot of sharks to create the level of depletion needed to result in a measurable drop in the risk to humans". The nets are submerged near high-population areas and are designed to trap, entangle, and kill the shark. for and against shark culling with fierce representations and opinions on both ends of the table. Just as we cannot scare our kids that they cannot go in the water or theyll get chopped in half, we dont have control over the oceans; thats their home. ", "The Untold Story of Shark Nets in Australia", "Sydney Shark Nets Set to Stay Despite Drumline Success", "Whitsunday Locals Resist Shark Culls After Two Attacks", "Here's What You Need To Know About Australia's SMART Drum Lines Being Used To Prevent Shark Attacks", "Shark Nets Death Traps For Marine Animals", "About the Campaign:Sea Shepherd Working Together With The Community To Establish Sustainable Solutions To Shark Bite Incidents", "Threat to Cut Shark Nets if Government Fails to Act", "Shark nets will return to NSW's north coast beaches", "Shark Nets To Be Removed From All NSW North Coast Beaches", "Dolphins, Rays Among Hundreds Of Non-targeted Animals Killed On Queensland Shark Nets And Drum Lines, Figures Show", "Video: Endangered Hammerhead Sharks Dead on Drum Line in Great Barrier Reef", "621 Sharks Killed Off Queensland Coast Through Control Program", "Australian Government Plans Would Block Shark Cull Photography", "Queensland Government Kills Sharks, Faces Court Challenge", "Overfishing has destroyed Australia's shark population", "Lifesavers warn swimmers off Amity Point", "Australian Authorities Kill 6 Sharks After Whitsunday Islands Attacks", "Culling Of Tiger Sharks After Whitsundays Attacks Sparks Heated Debate", "Fourth Shark Culled Leads to Backlash After Whitsundays Attacks", "Drum Lines Part Of Life In South Africa For 50 Years", "Fact Check: Are smart drum lines just a PR exercise? The unsuccessful trial in Lennox Head resulted in debris from the half-built barriers polluting the area and the estimated cost of the unsuccessful trial was $2.6 million. [81] Sharksavers estimates that in total 50 million sharks are caught unintentionally each year as bycatch by the commercial fishing industry. Some of the methods used to kill sharks include: On the surface, a shark net sounds like a pretty humane way to trap and release a shark, but shark nets are designed to kill. Shark culls are often triggered in response to shark attacks. [50][51] Some Native Hawaiians are against shark culling because of the significance of sharks in Hawaiian culture (sharks are viewed as aumakua, or personal-family gods). Disease reduction deserves mention on the pros and cons of culling animals. [78], In a program in Recife, Brazil, sharks were captured and moved 8 kilometers away from local beaches (though, the program did result in the deaths of about 23% of animals caught on the drum lines, including 114 sharks between 2007 and 2011). It is a disservice to the public. The RSPCA does not support killing sharks as a response to shark incidents involving humans. [54] This "imminent threat" policy was criticized by Senator Rachel Siewert for killing endangered sharks. The culling of animals is also beneficial in helping to maintain the sustainability of the ecosystem. When it is supported by science and done in the right manner, culling offers many benefits to both humans and animals. In 2016, the country also announced a decision to cull hippos in Kruger National Park after a drought. The shark cull may in fact be exacerbating the shark problem in a cruel and ironic circle. Billions of them were killed. In 1949, diseases were ravaging and killing hundreds of Chinese. In December 2013, the Western Australian Government announced the deployment of drum lines along popular beaches, but no permanent drum lines have been used in WA since April 30, 2014. has been looking into available options to minimize the risk of shark attacks. Whats more, shark nets arent even that effective. Its just not true. Every animal entangled suffers when shark culling, Australia-wide. We need them for healthy oceans. Professor Colin Buxton of the University of Tasmania told the ABC: "the use of shark nets and drum lines is a proven way of reducing shark attack, however the public need to understand and acknowledge that this works by killing sharks". As northern New South Wales residents continue to debate the best way to deal with shark attacks in the region, we take a look at the pros and cons of the most popular options available to protect people from ocean predators. is a freelance blogger based in Pakistan. This led to the termination of the three-year program afteronly three months. The feces would also contaminate waterways leading to the risk of diseases. Every year, thousands of seals are hunted down and killed as a way of controlling their population. A range of brightly coloured and striped wetsuits are currently being marketed as shark deterring outfits. As of May, 2021, the effectiveness of SMART drumlines were in question, adding more fuel to the controversial topic of shark culling. This is not about public safety, rather it's a blatant tactic to reduce public scrutiny by a government under increased public pressure to end its archaic culling program. Whats more, 65% of the shark attacks that occurred in New South Wales were at beaches that had nets installed. [55] In August 2018, the Western Australia government announced a plan to re-introduce drum lines (though, this time the drum lines are "SMART" drumlines). This shows that the benefits of shark tourism have a cascading effect on the entire ecosystem. In case of an outbreak of HPAI, one way of controlling the spread of the disease is through the culling of infected poultry. For an ocean with sharks is a healthy ocean and one that stands a greater chance in mitigating against the climate emergency we are in. The KZNSB also states that there were seven fatal attacks at Durban from 1943 until the installation of shark nets in 1952, and that no fatalities or incidents resulting in serious injury have occurred since nets were installed. For example, in Texas, scientists discovered that breeding among bucks with superior antler quality improved the antler quality of subsequent generations. We should always establish both the pros and cons of culling animals before imposing any culling measures on any species. Before we take a closer look at shark culling, lets address the prevalence of shark attacks. The WA Fisheries minister highlighted the need to concentrate and invest in new and emerging technologies that offer real protection for the people who are most at risk, i.e., surfers and swimmers. Any contact with animals should always be humane. [10], Shark culling mainly occurs in four locations: New South Wales, Queensland, KwaZulu-Natal and Runion. The Grom Life participates in affiliate advertising programs designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products. But there has to be a plan in place to help achieve desired outcomes and mitigate the risks. But the methods of culling chicks are inhumane. Posted on Last updated: November 18, 2022. [1] From 2013 to 2014, 667 sharks were killed on Queensland's drum lines and in shark nets, including great white sharks and critically endangered grey nurse sharks. 21-year-old Sarah Kate Whiley was attacked by as many as three sharks in Rainbow Channel. the effectiveness of SMART drumlines were in question, Is Deep Blue The Largest Great White Shark, Sharks and Surfers: Risks, Tips, and More, Yum Yum Yellow, Surfing, Surfboards & Sharks, The Best Surfing Movies From The 80s, 90s & 2000s. In Hawaii, sharks were culled during the 1960s and '70s with no reduction in bites; recent tagging research implicates habitat preference as the primary driver of shark density, with new sharks moving into preferred areas upon the elimination of other sharks. Add to that the fact that shark nets can cost hundreds of thousands of dollars, and its easy to see why people are so critical of shark culling, particularly the aggressive programs used in New South Wales and Western Australia. Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows for volume. Because were looking at the pros and cons of culling animals, it is important to address the question; is calling animals bad? The call for a massive cull was backed by the fatal shark attacks in the surrounding waters. This number includes sharked culled in the name of protecting humans as well as sharks killed for their fins and cartilage. THE ABC reports that commercial fishermen in Western Australia are hesitant to tender for work on the states controversial shark cull because of concerns for their safety. The proposition for shark culling has been widely opposed by environmentalists, conservationists, and most policymakers. It. [11][29][3][6][21] Queensland's shark-killing program has been called "outdated, cruel and ineffective". If another way of controlling animal populations is not developed, very soon, many species might be wiped off the face of the earth. CONS: Shark biologist Dr Rachel Robbins told Radio National: "The problem is, it could lead people into a false sense of security because they'll think 'there hasn't been a detection in two weeks', however we're only looking at tagged sharks and we're only going to ever be able to tag a very small portion of the shark population at any one time". CONS: Choice Magazine rated a range of personal shark repellent devices in January 2016 and said: "If fear of a shark attack is stopping you from entering the water, then forking out for a personal shark deterrent may provide some peace of mind. CONS: No more swimming/surfing/kayaking etc. [11][21][22] They say there is no science showing that nets make the ocean safer for people. There was no difference in number of shark attacks on humans recorded in the Hawaiian islands during the time the program was active or immediately after the closing of the program. All Webbed Gloves Can Help Your Surfing. Culling is the process of selective elimination of animals based on traits or factors such as health, appearance, and sex. Share Envoy: Shark Cull with your family and friends and start a conversation about how we portray sharks and how they need our empathy and . '"[34], In October 2018, the Queensland state government proposed a policy which would ban the photography of shark culling in Queensland; Lawrence Chlebeck of Humane Society International said the following about this proposal: "The Queensland Government's plan to put exclusion zones around shark control equipment is simply a measure to keep the slaughter of sharks and marine wildlife hidden from public view. The use of nets and baited drum lines is an outdated and ineffective approach against shark attacks. The aim is to reduce that particular species population to a specific number or only those with specific traits. Achieving a Sustainable Population The culling of animals is also beneficial in helping to maintain the sustainability of the ecosystem. [12] Shark nets are currently installed in Marine Protected Areas, and kill animals there. SMART drum lines will send a realtime alert that notifies authorities that a shark (or other large marine life) has taken the bait is and is hooked on the line attached to the SMART drum line. The Australian Environment Ministry also considered a massive shark cull program in Western Australia in 2014 after seven fatal deaths were reported by shark attacks over the past three years. The Canadian seal hunt is another example. Cleaning of garbage and sewage runoff. A range of commercial products that claim to deter sharks from humans are available. Human Evolution In Nature AEST = Australian Eastern Standard Time which is 10 hours ahead of GMT (Greenwich Mean Time), abc.net.au/news/protecting-humans-from-sharks-what-are-the-options/7979206, Get breaking news alerts directly to your phone with our app. Without sparrows, the locusts and pests destroyed a lot of grain, contributing to the Great Famine of China that killed millions of people. Basically, the sharks are unable to move and this is fatal for many species. "Shark culling is a relic of the past. From 1959 to 1976, the state of Hawaii culled 4,668 sharks (at an average cost of $182 per shark), including 554 tiger sharks, in a series of shark control programs. Its not a quick death and its not a pleasant one, either. This means they have to be culled. To begin with, culling generates money through tourism, especially where wildlife is involved. How Does Saving Water Help Climate Change? The WA State Government has issued a tender for professional fishers to catch and kill all white, bull and tiger sharks more than three metres long in certain areas along the state's coast. Use of colored and striped swimwear and equipment. [8][9] The impact of culling is also minor compared to bycatch with 50 million sharks caught each year by the commercial fishing industry. Removal of large ocean predators causes a meltdown in the delicate oceanic ecosystem that influences the carbon emissions, and thats exactly whats happening in Australia, said Dr Peter Macreadie, co-author of the paper. [1], In Recife, Brazil, the number of shark attacks was reduced by 97% when long lines and drum lines were deployedin the Recife program, some of the sharks were caught on drum lines and then moved away from the shoreline. Invasive Species "[1][65] A more recent analysis highlighted that there were three shark attacks, none fatal, at KwaZulu-Natal's "controlled" beaches between 1990 and 2011, while at unprotected beaches nearby there were 20 fatal attacks in the same period. PROS: Provide a complete barrier between swimmers and sharks. CONS: Nets float above the sea floor and are placed in sections, so do not provide an enclosed area or barrier between people and sharks. The ethics of this practice is a major concern when it comes to the pros and cons of culling animals. A drum line consists of a large, baited hook suspended from a large plastic float, which in turn is anchored to the sea bed. Sharks are [viewed as] either a commodity or a pest, instead of a respected fellow species on this planet. When the disease is discovered, the best option is to cull the infected animals to prevent it from spreading. 501(c)(3) Non-Profit, Tax ID#: 82-1646340, The Truth about Shark Culling & the Devastating Environmental Impacts, According to the National Geographic estimates, we have already wiped out 90% of the worlds sharks. Shark Culling Facts. I Was Curious, So I Tried It A Few Times, Best Mountain Biking Trails in Moab, Utah. Sharks are more use alive than dead This is a difficult time. One of the solutions focused on the culling of four pests that were carriers of this disease; rats, sparrows, flies, and mosquitoes. Environmental Protection Authority of Western Australia, the French Overseas Department of Runion, "Can governments protect people from killer sharks? Overfishing, shark finning, climate change, black market trade, and habitat loss have had a massive effect on sharks. [57] In January 2019 the Environmental Protection Authority of Western Australia determined that the "SMART" drumline trial would have minimal impact on the environment.[58]. For example, breeders can invest in technologies that can establish if an embryo is male or female before the eggs hatch. But even then, unintended consequences can arise, which affects biodiversity. Those who don't die immediately on these lines are shot by a contractor who is employed by the Queensland Government. "[50], Animal rights activists note the suffering and cruelty inflicted upon animals caught in nets and drum lines: this suffering includes lacerations, stress, pain, disease, and death. It has been said that these methods of shark control have trapped over 5,000 marine turtles, and killed hundreds of dolphins, whales, rays, and other marine animals. So, is culling animals good? It has been argued that shark culling has a massively detrimental effect on the ecosystem. 426 Words; 2 Pages; Decent Essays. PROS: Ability to save sharks once they are caught. See Related: Different Animals That Cant Jump. Is the culling of animals, right? We need to avoid shark culls and give them enough time to survive, grow, and reproduce. In Mauritius, the Mauritius flying fox had been causing great losses to farmers. More about how we earn money as an affiliate. They are used throughout Western Australia where they are typically fixed at a depth of about 6 meters and run just under 200 meters long. CONS: Further testing needed, including to see if large fish and non-target marine life are picked up by the buoys. In Australia, white sharks had caused several human fatalities. Five nets were deployed off Seven Mile Beach off Lennox Head; Sharpes, Shelly and Lighthouse beaches off Ballina; and Main Beach at Evans Head. These measures are dangerous to other sea creatures like rays, turtles, dolphins, and small, harmless sharks, which get caught up in the traps. The Dorsal App claims to be Australia's largest shark alerts and reporting service. [21], There are also reports of shark attack survivors being harassed and abused on social media, presumably by extreme environmentalists. Check out our guide. This helps to improve the overall genetic quality of the herd. Among the advocates was the world-renowned surf champion and climate activist, Kelly Slater. There has been strong opposition to the policy, including from one man who vandalised Premier Colin Barnett's office. [6] In addition, Western Australia Fisheries Minister Dave Kelly said "there is currently no scientific evidence to show that drumlines reduce the risk of a [shark] attack". "[31], Shark nets and drum lines are utilised to kill sharks in a "shark control" program in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa[1][12][42] which has been occurring in KwaZulu-Natal since the 1950s. There has been some hesitancy by people who were keen to put in tenders and some of them have pulled back, he said. As a result, the population of cats increased significantly. [81] Tuna and swordfish longline fishing off the coast of South Africa reported 39,000 to 43,000 sharks killed each year between 1995 and 2005. However, based on the data above, one cant conclude that shark culling is effective. Unfortunately, of the 172 sharks that were killed, none were white sharks. Without this, it is estimated that the number of elephants would have increased to 80,000 by 2020, leading to mass starvation of both the elephants and other animals. The Mauritius flying fox, another endangered animal, is also being decimated in disproportionate numbers. They set up traps to catch and kill the cats. Will smart drum lines actually prevent shark attacks? Such ecological changes have indirect adverse effects on carbon cycling and, in the longer run, affect our ability to reduce climate change impacts. You will not find paid product promotions or sponsored content on this site. Avoiding shark culling allows fish to mature and recover. They are set with baited hooks to ensnare these sharks, leaving them to die in agony. The government responded by using drum lines to cull great whites, which were responsible for the deaths. As a result, the government started culling them. [29] The Australian Marine Conservation Society said, "the ecological cost of drum lines is high, with 97% of sharks caught since 2001 considered to be at some level of conservation risk. The following was said about Queensland's use of lethal drum lines: "Lethal drum lines in Queensland are used to catch and kill sharks. It was later discovered that the flying fox was the chief agent of pollination for more than half of the islands plant life. The average person believes that if there is a shark in the water nearby, its almost certainly going to attack them and kill them. Shark culling has been criticized by environmentalists, conservationists and animal welfare advocatesthey say killing sharks harms the marine ecosystem and is unethical. They are killed to protect surfers, swimmers and other people engaging in ocean water activities. If a shark is sighted in the area leave the water as quickly and calmly as possible. Struggling to get your head around the shark situation on the north coast of New South Wales? Shark nets are also used in New South Wales, which includes major cities like Sydney and Canberra. [19], The government of Queensland currently kills sharks in the Great Barrier Reef using 173 lethal drum lines; in 2018, Humane Society International filed a lawsuit (court challenge) requesting that the drum lines be removed there. [41] National Geographic cameraman Andy Casagrande said the following about the cull: "When will basic intelligence and respect for the planet be a requirement for highly paid supposedly educated government officials? Protecting humans from sharks: What are the options? They are then deprived of oxygen and slowly drown to death or are left to be culled by the authorities. "You're in their territory" is a common refrain from those who believe the best way to protect humans from sharks is to enter the water at your own risk. [12] During the same 30-year period, 2,211 turtles, 8,448 rays, and 2,310 dolphins were killed. Many people seem ready to begin a shark. 2. [11] From 2014 to 2015, 621 sharks were killed in Queensland. When bats are culled in South America to prevent rabies, for example, care must be taken to remove overabundant vampire bats, rather than insectivorous bats that typically do not interact with. [21], The current net program in New South Wales has been called "outdated and ineffective",[18] and has been criticized by environmentalists, who say nets harm the marine ecosystem. Culling offers many potential benefits, as highlighted below. The statement, however, was twisted by a local newspaper writer as the lives of sharks are more important than humans. It causes severe illness in animals and humans. Every year, there are approximately 80 unprovoked shark attacks and between 5 and 10 deaths on average. Though we all feel that way about losing our close friends and relatives, would it be a rational decision? [16] Humane Society International calls the nets a "knee-jerk reaction". Well, heres a detailed list of all the benefits and drawbacks that come with this practice. The Premier says such behaviour has damaged the standing of the environmental movement. CONS: Reports can not be received in the water, possibility of hoax reports, impossible to report every shark. The Grom Life is an independent publisher. But males cant lay eggs, and they also cant be sold for meat because of their small sizes. Culling also helps to manage animals without natural predators. But they are also in danger with overfishing, climate change and government-run culling programs threatening their . Download Table | 1: Advantages and disadvantages of visibility culling methods from publication: An efficient real-time terrain data organization and visualization algorithm based on enhanced . The efficiency of the shark nets and drum lines as deterrents is also questionable. "[46] Runion authorities currently kill about 100 sharks per year. They are fierce creatures, and a lot of people have a genuine and debilitating fear of them. [11], The shark-killing program in Queensland has been criticized by environmentalists, conservationists, and animal welfare advocatesthey say Queensland's shark-killing program is unethical and harms the marine ecosystem. PROS: Gives the public an opportunity to report sightings, quick alert time after initial report, free of charge. In addition, culling disturbs marine ecosystems and affects protected and vulnerable species including the targeted great white shark and non-target species such as . Sharks: they're some of the most majestic and wondrous animals in the ocean. A drumline trap is made up of a large baited hook attached to a floating object that is then anchored to the seabed. As stated earlier, culling should be based on solid facts and a well-thought-out plan of action. These include electrical, magnetic, acoustic and spray repellents. [22][21][11][39][40][70][71][72][73], The Sea Shepherd group said, "Politicians responsible for the shark cull policy have displayed an unwillingness to explore other shark mitigation strategies". "[74] Kelly Wang of One Green Planet said, "Australia's attitude towards its sharks is truly horrific. [44][45] In 2013, 24 sharks were killed in Runion. In Hawaii, almost 5,000 sharks were culled between 1959 and 1976 (18 years) with no reduction in shark bites. "[75], George H. Burgess, the former[76] director of the International Shark Attack File, "describes [shark] culling as a form of revenge, satisfying a public demand for blood and little else";[77] he said shark culling is a "retro-type move reminiscent of what people would have done in the 1940s and 50s, back when we didn't have an ecological conscience and before we knew the consequences of our actions. Attacks is not always among the ones killed 65 % of animals is also decimated... 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Purchase through these links 621 sharks were killed in Runion this site, Kelly Slater that come with this....: New South Wales cant conclude that shark culling is a major concern when it is important address.